If media reports are to be believed, the alarm bells in the Indian Ministry of Defense have been ringing again—the ministry was once again taken aback when a modern Yuan-class 335 conventional submarine crossed the Arabian Sea and entered Karachi port on May 22 for a week.

But such “surprises” had occurred earlier, when Chinese boats docked in Sri Lanka at the end of last year—upsetting India considerably—and yet again when the Chinese deployed a Shang-class nuclear submarine for anti-piracy patrols—a unique deployment unheard of in submarine operations. The unending saga of surprises never seems to cease, with little action on New Delhi’s part to respond to its growing concerns about the Chinese operating in an area perceived by many as India strategic backyard.

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