4. Accordingly, the scope of the current agriculture program of the country needs to be expanded and its fisheries component strengthened. Fisheries mariculture and aquaculture farming is agriculture-based and will assume a greater role for the future food security of the country as populations rapidly expand and the fisheries wild resource base is unsustainably strained to feed a growing population. Furthermore, the fisheries component of agriculture must include marine environmental protection (MEP) mechanisms based on sound marine scientific research (MSR), awareness and training activities to achieve program coherence, cogent direction, and desired sustainability. Further, noting the wide uses of the ocean and its resources, there is also the need for a wider scope approach to integrate other ocean-oriented livelihood activities such as island and river cruise tourism, sports fishing, diving and beach resorts to accommodate and maximize the benefits of the oceans for all stakeholders, whether for livelihood or recreation.

5. An expanded agro-fisheries program as above laid out would then address sustainable renewable resource management and farming from the highlands, through to the lowlands, coastal areas, mangroves and to sea farming to result in a comprehensive resource-based sustainable management program which would be the ideal fully inclusive agricultural livelihood framework for the Philippines archipelago, and address its food security requirements. A holistic, seamless and balanced development of all aspects of agriculture would serve as a social safety net providing for alternative livelihoods for the population of the archipelago in the event of production deficiencies and disasters which can happen between land-based and marine-based aspects of agriculture. The foregoing inclusive approach, integrating territorial and marine components, is not only essential as far as the archipelago configuration of the Philippines dictates, but most responsive to the food security socio-economic governance pillar of the Government under the (1987) Constitution. In essence, the foregoing describes Integrated Coastal Resource Management, ICZM, that would optimize agro-fisheries in an archipelago. Why ICZM for archipelagic Philippines . . . a blueprint for blue economy

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