METRO Manila used the wrong planning model of post-war Los Angeles and before the 1973 OPEC oil crisis—a central city with politically motivated zoning plans and inefficient transport systems that favor the upper 5 percent of the city by prioritizing private vehicles over organized mass-transits.

Housing in the cities of Makati and Quezon has become too expensive for its laborers, pushing them to live as far as Laguna, Rizal, and Bulacan. During peak hours in the morning and the evening, EDSA and C-5 is a standstill because of unbearable traffic congestion and over-capacity in traffic density. A 10-kilometer ride becomes a two- to three-hour travel. Six hours of family time a day is robbed because of unbearable systemic traffic congestion. Quality education and health care are mostly incomparable by standards in Imperial Manila to other regions, except for a handful.

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