Chief Justice Maria Lourdes Aranal-Sereno insists that former President Gloria Macapagal-Arroyo is liable for plunder simply because of the principle of “command responsibility.”

Sereno, part of the block in the Supreme Court that lost the voting on the Arroyo plunder case, wrote in her dissenting opinion that the former President’s approval of the release of the state charity agency’s intelligence funds for seven times in the course of three years “reveals the initial, indispensable act of conspiracy to commit plunder.”

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