EU-4: Averaged growth and per capita incomes in Germany, UK, France and Italy Growth rate: gross domestic product (GDP) constant prices, percent change Per capita income: GDP per capita, constant prices (PPP); 2011 international dollar
Source: IMF/WEO Database; Difference Group

Here’s the ironic truth: in China, the Communist Party continues to foster the expansion of middle group consumers. In contrast, US middle classes have stagnated since the 1980s, European middle classes are shrinking and their Japanese peers seek to avoid a fall into a poverty trap.

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