How do we get the mass electorate to back the purposes of reform?

A “free and equal vote” has become the primary right—and duty—of democratic citizenship. In the age of the common man, restrictions on universal suffrage may pass only by force or stealth. So that governments put much effort in trying to get around this mass vote.

• In the United States, --the manipulation of constituency boundaries—still preserves Congress seats for traditional parties and dynastic politicians.